the world's forests are deforestation, forest dieback under the influence of industry and climate change.
main threat to the multifunctional role of forests are the phenomena of nature
klęskowym.
are mainly extreme climatic events resulting in significant economic damage which will include strong winds (hurricanes, tornadoes, winds fen), discharge weather, floods, droughts, intense rainfall, prolonged occurrence of extreme temperatures, earthquakes, massive occurrence of harmful insects and pathogenic fungi, plant or animal diseases.
more and more often comes to the so-called. ecological disasters resulting from human activities
such fires, industrial accidents, transport.
upcoming decade, according to many experts, may abound in the progressive transition
extreme weather events from the area of \u200b\u200b"exceptional" to the level of "normal."
is projected to progressive water deficit, but the heavy rain and violent while the occurrence of droughts, tornadoes, and hurricanes of unprecedented size and strength
caused losses.
For large areas it comes to loss of natural and organic.
is a result of climate change, ozone depletion, the greenhouse effect
and the establishment of new ocean currents.
winds of a violent cause mainly mechanical damage to trees,
fractures, tipping the whole tree, breaking the tops and stems, slope with trees torn
root systems.
Winds blowing consistently in one direction cause chronic damage in the stands .. they cause damage both trees and soil. Winds
break and bend the trees, dry the soil and litter wywiewają, causing the impoverishment of the soil.
do most damage in the forests of the sparsely-knit, with no underbrush and undergrowth, in the mountains, lakes and
the forests of the coastal zone.
One of the deadliest disasters of forest fires are , causing irreversible ecological changes. Fire hazard is intensified and increasingly frequent periods of drought with simultaneous occurrence of high temperatures and strong wiatrów.Zdecydowaną cause of forest fires is a direct or indirect human activity.
Another serious consequences material to the forest
phenomenon is the damage caused by insects and fungi that affect the disease and dying of individual trees and large trees.
The weakening of the health condition of trees and stands to affect changes occurring
periods of drought and floods. Flood water flowing in a violent manner and cause detachment undermines stretches along the overgrowing vegetation and trees. However, slowly flowing water in depressions stagnant for long periods of time causes the rapid formation of anaerobic digestion, are fatal to the majority of the representatives of the fauna and flory.Zmniejszenie the oxygen content in the soil air leads to the death of the roots and kill plants.
the dying and dead trees and abundant fruiting mushrooms.
Natural avalanches and mud usuwisk event in the forests are local and mainly concerns
foothills and mountainous areas with wooded slopes. Snow mass passing through the forest cause the trees breaking and very strong wood destruction associated with cracks and twists the fibers.
Polish forests - a country located in the temperate zone on the border clash
influence oceanic and continental climate are not prepared for these phenomena.
To keep the sustainability of forests and pass them on to future generations in better condition even before
foresters facing a daunting task: rebuilding the stand, increasing the number of deciduous species, maintain an adequate short-circuit, introducing and nurturing the underbrush, hedges break the force of the wind.
It is interesting to give that in some European countries such as Ireland is denied entrance to the forest in others it is paid for. Let us appreciate so multifunctional role of forests: economic and natural landscape, ecological, tourist and recreational Giving shelter, hostel and food to many species of animals. Let's take care of them and wisely takes advantage of various abilities of our Polish forests.