disastrous floods that have inundated Europe in recent years have demonstrated the helplessness traditional methods of protection against the power
flood water element.
ineffectiveness and unreliability of technical measures to protect against floods, have changed the view on this subject in many countries.
After the recent flood disaster emerged opposing concepts. Supporters
hydro strategy in favor of further regulation of rivers, development and construction of embankments of large storage reservoirs. Supporters
the concept of sustainable methods for carrying out the activities they consider most valuable for flood protection with the necessary reference to the behavior natural values \u200b\u200bof river valleys ii limiting housing development in regions with flood waters.
strategists from floods in Europe have come to conclusions that there should be renaturyzować restoring river floodplains and meandering stream. The priority of flood protection is to protect human life, the choice of strategy but must take into account the value of the natural environment. The second concept has gained acceptance particularly in highly developed countries such as Germany, France.
Those methods are very expensive but give the impression of safety. Unfortunately, in Poland
perpetuated the myth of the effectiveness of flooding hydro treatments. The second concept
mainly support environmental organizations and a few representatives of the science.
modern flood protection, in addition to increased efficiency must take into account the need to protect river ecosystems. In river valleys, there are many valuable, rare, threatened and endangered species of plants, animals and birds. It was here in a world dominated by man, river valleys are often the only, natural places of their occurrence. Rivers continue to perform the basic functions in maintaining the biodiversity of our country. Riparian forests growing in the river valleys are the richest in species of plants and animals the forest environment, (characterized by the highest bird species richness.) River valleys are often the last place of many amphibians, reptiles and insects, closely related to the aquatic environment (especially amphibians need for the propagation of shallow wetlands and wetlands).
The size and diversity of bird and amphibian populations affected by natural riverbed and floodplain diversity: wet meadows, swamps, marshes, sedges, forests and riverine thickets, so redukowanych surface by man.
River valleys are the most valuable ecosystems. Also, oxbow lakes (reservoirs przyrzeczne resulting cut-off meanders of the river from the main channel) are inhabited by numerous species of plants and animals. Rivers and river valleys are "corridors of life" also known as "ecological corridors ." These are excerpts of the environment on the structure of a belt, which allow unrestricted migration of different species of mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, insects, fish and roślin.Są This is often their only natural place in the presence of human-dominated landscape. Alleged
isolated place, far less than they previously occupied. Formerly in the basin were marshes, meadows, rivers have bends, in the valleys of alluvial forests grew.
In the last hundred years, most rivers have been transformed by man.
biggest threat to the straightening of rivers, concrete edges,
pollution, poaching.
Despite the development of treatment techniques to the rivers continue to get the waste water from households, allotment gardens, small companies and large industrial plants.
over banks created more rubbish dumps, kidnapped by the swollen water.
straightened and deepened the river mouth boundary Piles left behind, often from the ground coming from the bottom and the river banks and islands on rivers were removed, cut shore vegetation. In areas of beautiful and colorful meadows resulting desiccated farmlands. As a result of the construction of embankments constructed are often too close to the river were cut off the land in the heart attack which is a collection of plants growing in wetlands are drying terenach.Tereny and quickly stepowieją .
protective shafts are often tipped with industrial waste, or waste associated with coal mining. Such obwałowywania cause acidification and the surrounding areas and the pollution of heavy metals, leading to an overall degradation of aquatic ecosystems and coastal areas. Transformed
cause dysregulation of the river along rzeki.A groundwater which in turn contributes to the degradation of grasslands and decrease their value for agriculture and drying up the fields.
water accumulating as a result of heavy rains and melting snow, or going down a valley and fills riverbeds. If more water is not located in the riverbed and in accordance with the law of natural spill on the surrounding area. Regulated rivers to cross close to the gutter and are able to accommodate a limited amount of water. Even after a short period of rain becomes a river abruptly and poured over the surrounding fields and urban areas.
In times of drought and the fields are drying because the embankments and paved edges effectively separate it from the water and the distorted ground water does not meet its objectives.
losses tend to be enlarged by reducing the floodplain, over-building approach into rivers, construction of embankments too close to the river banks.
swollen river, fighting for their space is a huge problem for developers
these changes - as a man.
is wrong to believe that the river can cram in her bed and her narrow
of the area between.
not let's rivers due to the space!
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